Transparency International defines conflict of interest as a situation in which an individual or legal entity, whether it is a government, business, media or civic association, is confronted with a choice between the demands and obligations of their position and their private interests. Transparency International defines corruption as the abuse of (any) entrusted power for personal gain. It most often occurs during interactions between the public and private sectors, but its manifestations within the public or private sectors alone should not be ignored (private to private corruption). Improper agreements between candidates/bidders, so-called collusion (lat. collusio: secret agreement, agreement for an unfair purpose), are one of the more common forms of corruption when it comes to public procurement.

The current Law on Public Procurement of BiH, as mentioned in numerous previous reports by Transparency International in BiH, does not adequately address issues of conflict of interest (Article 52), since it largely refers to other applicable regulations on conflict of interest in Bosnia and Herzegovina. However, this regulation is numerous, complicated, inconsistent and ineffective, and there are still certain public functions that are either not covered by the regulations, or are inadequately treated in terms of preventing and regulating conflicts of interest.

This document was prepared within the framework of the project “Making public procurement transparent”, financed by the Open Society Fund of BiH.


[Bosnian]

Sukob interesa i korupcija u javnim nabavkama

Transparency International definiše sukob interesa kao situaciju u kojoj je pojedinac ili pravno lice, bilo da se radi o vladinoj, poslovnoj, medijskoj ili građanskoj asocijaciji, konfrontiran izborom između zahtjeva i obaveza svoje pozicije i svojih privatnih interesa. Korupciju Transparency International definiše kao zloupotrebu (bilo kakve) povjerene moći za sticanje vlastite koristi. Ona se najčešće događa prilikom interakcija između javnog i privatnog sektora, ali nipošto ne treba zanemariti njene manifestacije unutar samo javnog ili samo privatnog sektora (eng. private to private corruption). Upravo su nepropisni dogovori između kandidata/ponuđača, tzv. koluzija (lat. collusio: tajni dogovor, sporazum u nepoštenu svrhu) jedan od češćih oblika korupcije kada je riječ o javnim nabavkama.

Aktuelni Zakon o javnim nabavkama BiH, kao što je pominjano u brojnim prethodnim izvještajima Transparency International u BiH, ne tretira adekvatno pitanja sukoba interesa (član 52), obzirom da se u velikoj mjeri poziva na ostale važeće propise o sukobu interesa u Bosni i Hercegovini. Međutim, ova je regulativa brojna, komplikovana, neusaglašena i neučinkovita, a postoje i dalje pojedine javne funkcije koje ili nisu obuhvaćene propisima, ili su pak neadekvatno tretirane u smislu prevencije i regulisanja sukoba interesa.

Ovaj dokument sačinjen je u okvira projekta “Da javne nabavke budu javne”, finansiranog od strane Fonda otvoreno društvo BiH.