20 May 2026
Strengthening the Enforcement of the Energy Community Treaty: Challenges and Pathways
Country Western Balkans
Date 14 October 2025
Author Darjana Macanović, Jovan Rajić
Publisher Renewables and Environmental Regulatory Institute (RERI) (Serbia)
This policy brief focuses on the Energy Community, its role and functioning as well as its implementation in the Western Balkans and the challenges it entails. In addition, recommendations and possible solutions are detailed in the paper. The alignement of the Western Balkans states with EU climate goals (particularly in decarbonization and air pollution reduction) is facing many obstacles such as the absence of robust rule of law framework leading to the lack of effective enforcements mechanisms and more generally strong democratic governance. In order to bring a legislative response to these issues, this paper’s key proposal is a policy about enhancing the role of national courts in enforcing the Energy Community Treaty. On the other hand, the EU institutions should continue providing “stronger oversight and support to reinforce the rule of law in the region”.
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